Physical preparation & safety

SQUASH TRAINING Reading time : 9 min Updated September 7, 2026
Contents
Squash safety has two documented faces: the eye injury — the signature injury, quantified, against which only certified eyewear protects — and the cardiac question for middle-aged players returning to the game. On the preparation side, squash's conditioning is its own: interval ghosting, court shuttles, and a lunge mechanic that protects the knee. And one honesty to keep: squash has no published, validated prevention programme — this guide will not invent one for you.

The eye: the signature injury, and what protects

The reference numbers: 17.5 eye injuries per 100,000 playing-hours, 26% of players having suffered at least one, and the opponent's racquet as the source in 61% of cases — the ball in the rest (the 1990 Australian reference series). The 2024 systematic review adds the decisive fact: nearly all recorded injuries (a median 93%) happened with no eyewear, lensless frames are ineffective, and certified eyewear (ASTM-class standards) is associated with zero injuries in the reviewed data. The practical consequence is simple and lives inside this base's drills: certified eyewear for every junior, all the time — and for everyone in doubles.

The cardiac question — screen, don't avoid

Squash's classic literature describes sudden deaths in middle-aged players: two historical series (30, then 60 deaths, mean age ≈ 46) in which the great majority had underlying coronary disease — the game as trigger, the disease as substrate. Squash's demand is genuinely very high (heart rates measured around 150% of predicted maximum in play). The evidence-based answer is not avoiding the sport but screening: medical clearance before an intense return after years away, and a graded build-up — the competition medical certificate (mandatory in France) is the natural anchor for that precaution. The figures date from the 1980s–90s; today's incidence is not documented — the precaution principle stands.

Squash's own conditioning

MethodWhat you doThe safety point
Interval ghostingWork/rest blocks of corner movement, no ballForm first: stop the interval when technique collapses — the tired, sloppy lunge is the road to injury
Court shuttlesFast runs between the court lines, a lunge or touch at each endDecelerate under control — the braking is where ankles roll
Lunge patterningSlow, held lunges into every playing position, pushing back to the TFront knee tracking over the foot, never collapsing inward — the mechanic that protects the knee

Ankles, knees, the lower back, the heat of a closed court: coaches recognise these risks, but the literature quantifies them poorly — no clean denominator exists. The movement-quality work above is the common-sense answer, presented as exactly that.

What does not exist — and will not be sold to you

Squash has no FIFA 11+ equivalent: no squash-specific prevention programme with published efficacy (trial or cohort) was located beyond the eyewear evidence, and no federation publishes a standardised return-to-play protocol. When prevention content circulates, it is general good practice — not a validated squash protocol. This base says so rather than dressing it up.

Frequently asked questions

Are ordinary glasses enough?
No. Protection comes from certification (ASTM-class squash standards): ordinary spectacles or a lensless frame do not protect — the 2024 review explicitly classes open guards as ineffective. Certified eyewear exists with prescription lenses.
Should a returning forty-something see a doctor first?
That is the recommendation that follows directly from the sport's literature: squash's cardiovascular demand is very high, and the historical series concern precisely the middle-aged player with silent coronary disease. Medical clearance before an intense return, graded build-up — in France the competition medical certificate already embodies that step.
How many conditioning sessions per week?
No federation publishes a numeric threshold — a volume presented as a « rule » would be invented. The honest landmark: squash conditioning folds into the session (ghosting, shuttles, lunge prep), movement quality beats volume, and the interval stops when form collapses.

Sources

Eye: Genovese et al., Medical Journal of Australia 1990 (17.5 / 100,000 h; 26%; racquet 61%; 8% wore eyewear); Mazarelo, Winter & Fong, The Physician and Sportsmedicine 2024 — systematic review, 29 studies (median 93% of injuries with no eyewear; lensless guards ineffective; ASTM-compliant eyewear associated with zero injuries). · Cardiac: Northcote et al., The Lancet 1984 (30 deaths, mean age 46.7) and British Heart Journal 1986 (60 deaths, mostly coronary disease); Brady et al., European Heart Journal 1989 (HR ~150% of predicted max). · Paak's squash corpus, file 05 (sport science and prevention — including the honest nulls: no validated programme, no published return-to-play protocol) — verified September 2026.

Last updated: September 7, 2026