Kata & judging

JUDO TRAINING Reading time : 8 min Updated September 7, 2026
Contents
Kata is judo's judged-forms family: it is judged on published criteria, never scored ippon or waza-ari. Five judges mark each technique out of 10; the extreme marks are dropped; a forgotten technique or a major mistake scores 0 — and halves the pair's total, once only. Nage-no-kata is the first contested kata and the minime programme requirement — then a 1st-dan requirement.

The five contested kata (IJF programme)

Nage-no-kata (forms of throwing) · Katame-no-kata (forms of control) · Ju-no-kata (forms of gentleness) · Kime-no-kata (forms of decision) · Kodokan Goshin-jutsu (modern self-defence). Koshiki-no-kata and Itsutsu-no-kata are not on the IJF programme. The weapons of Kime-no-kata and Goshin-jutsu are wood, never metal — and the Kime-no-kata sword carries a tsuba. The kata competition surface is 8×8 m.

The judging system (IJF criteria, January 2025 edition)

MechanismThe rule
The panelFive judges; per technique, the highest and lowest marks are dropped — three remain
The markPer technique: maximum 10, minimum 1 when there is no omission or major mistake; a judge may adjust by ±0.5
The zeroOnly for a forgotten technique or a major mistake — and if the judges agree, the pair's total is halved, once only (not again for a further error of the same kind)
Mistake classesMajor (F) · big (B) · medium (M) · small (S) — from an omitted technique to an imperfection
Also scoredThe opening and closing ceremonies; in Nage-no-kata, right and left are evaluated together (one mark); Katame-no-kata concludes at the kyoshi posture
The spiritBehaviour contrary to the spirit of judo disqualifies

Kata « match analysis » is deduction control: marks are lost quietly in the transitions, the ma-ai (distance) and the ceremony as much as in the techniques — that is where the repetition goes.

The France Judo programme by category (2025/2026)

CategoryKata requiredMinimum grade
MinimesNage-no-kata — 3 seriesorange belt
CadetsNage-no-kata — 3 seriesgreen belt
JuniorsFull Nage-no-kata + full Katame-no-kata + Ju-no-kata 1st & 2nd seriesblue belt
SeniorsAll five kata, completeblack belt (≥ 18)

Judged by three judges minimum in FIJ notation, on 8×8 m. This programme is also the backbone of the dan examination's kata requirements — see The belt-by-belt programme.

How to train a kata

MechanismWhat it is
SegmentationOne technique or one series at a time — form is repaired at the segment, not the whole
Role workUke and tori are two jobs: uke's committed attack is what makes tori's technique judgeable — a soft uke empties the kata
Criteria-focused repetitionRepeating against the published points: correct kuzushi-tsukuri-kake, correct ma-ai, correct reishiki, efficiency, realism, fluidity

Never route a kata through the shiai tracker: kata is judged on criteria and deductions, not counted in ippon — two registers, two models.

FAQ

At what age to start kata?
In segments, early: uke/tori role work and precision of form are accessible well before competition. The official milestone arrives at minime (Nage-no-kata, 3 series, orange belt minimum) — and the full Nage-no-kata is a 1st-dan unit.
Does uke's role count in the mark?
The pair is marked together — and uke's committed attack is a condition of tori's mark: a soft attack makes the technique unjudgeable. Training uke is training the mark.
Do two omissions halve the total twice?
No — the halving of the total applies once only, even if a second technique is forgotten later. Each forgotten technique does score 0 individually.

Sources

IJF Kata Commission — Kata Competition, Criteria for the evaluation, January 2025 edition (the five-judge panel, the 1–10 scale, the zero-and-halving rule, mistake classes, wooden weapons) and « How to Judge Kata » (ijf.org); France Judo — Textes Officiels 2025/2026 (the kata programme by category, minimum grades, the 8×8 m surface, three judges minimum). Paak judo corpus, files 01 §6 (kata), 03 (pedagogy) and 04 (deduction control) — verified September 2026.

Last updated: September 7, 2026